Analysis of the Influence of Vehicle Color on Speed Perception and Estimation
Abstract
A fundamental prerequisite for safe and successful vehicle operation is spatial perception and awareness. Every perception of space is accompanied by cognitive processing and decision-making, based on which drivers take appropriate actions in traffic. Research has shown that colors influence individual behavior and object visibility, including vehicles. Specifically, studies indicate that yellow vehicles, due to the characteristics of the human eye, have the lowest probability of being involved in traffic accidents, whereas brown, silver, black, red, white, green, and blue vehicles have a statistically higher likelihood of participation in traffic accidents. The aim of this study is to collect empirical data through an experimental study using a driving simulator to determine whether there are differences in the perceived speed of passenger vehicles depending on their color. The results show statistically significant differences in speed perception between black and yellow vehicles, as well as between yellow and blue vehicles (F=2.053; p=0.042) at a tested speed of 30 km/h. Additionally, at a tested speed of 50 km/h, significant differences were observed between black and white vehicles.
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